- Replication is the process of synchronizing data
across multiple servers.
- Provides redundancy and increases data
availability with multiple copies of data of different database servers.
- It protects a database from the loss of a
single server and recover from hardware failure and service interruptions.
- Replication also allows you to recover from
hardware failure and service interruptions. With additional copies of the data,
you can dedicate one to disaster recovery, reporting, or backup.
Why we need to use Replication:
1-It is a process to keep your data safe,
2-high availability of data,
3-no downtime for maintenance,
4-read scaling and it is transparent to the application.
How replication works in MongoDB
A replica set is a group of MongoDB instances that host the
same data set. There is two-node first is the primary
node that receives all write operations and secondary, apply operations from the primary so that they have the
same data set. The replica set can have only
one primary node.
1. A replica set is the group of nodes generally a minimum of three
nodes are required, one node is the primary node and the remaining nodes are secondary.
2. At the time of automatic failover or maintenance,
election establishes for primary and a new primary node is elected.
3. After the recovery of the failed node, it again joins the
replica set and works as a secondary node.
A typical diagram of MongoDB replication is shown in which
client application always interact with the primary node and primary node then
replicate the data to the secondary nodes.
Replica set
features
Anyone node can be primary
All write operations goes to primary
Consensus selection of primary
Set up a replica set
In this codefari we will convert standalone MongoDB instance
to a replica set. To convert to replica set follow the below-given steps:
· The shutdown already running MongoDB server.
Now start the MongoDB server by specifying --replSet option. The basic syntax of --replSet is given below:
mongod --port "PORT" --dbpath "YOUR_DB_DATA_PATH"
--replSet "REPLICA_SET_INSTANCE_NAME"
|
mongod --port 27017 --dbpath "D:\set up\mongodb\data"
--replSet rs0
|
It will start a MongoDB instance with the name rs0, on port
27017. Now start the command prompt and connect to this mongod instance. In
mongo client issue the command rs.initiate() to initiate a new replica set. To
check the replica set configuration issue the command rs.conf(). To check the
status of replica set issue the command rs.status().
Add members to the replica set
To add members to a replica set, start mongod instances on multiple
machines. Now start a mongo client and issue a command rs.add().
Syntax:
Basic syntax of rs.add() command is as follows:
Example:
Suppose your mongod instance name is mongod1.net and it is
running on port 27017. To add this instance to replica set issue the command
rs.add() in mongo client.
>rs.add("mongod1.net:27017")
>
|
You can add mongod instances to replica set only when you are
connected to the primary node. To check whether you are connected to primary or not
issue the command db.isMaster() in mongo client.